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Early Buddhism18 Textual criticism17 Mahākhandhaka15 Pali Canon14 Buddhism11 Four Noble Truths11 Pāli11 Dukkha10 Geyya10 Nirvāṇa10 Rebirth10 Dependent Origination9 anattā8 Oral Tradition8 Oral transmission8 Theravāda Buddhism8 Uruvelā8 Buddha7 Karma7 Upaniṣads7 Bhagavā6 Comparative study6 Consciousness6 Dependent Arising6 Theravāda6 Vinaya6 Abhidharma5 Buddhist Studies5 jhāna5 Nibbāna5 Philology5 Sarvāstivāda5 Soteriology5 Vasubandhu5 viññāṇa5 Arahant4 Aśokan inscriptions4 Awakening4 Bhikkhu Anālayo4 Bodhi4 Buddha's historicity4 Buddhaghosa4 Buddhist philosophy4 David Drewes4 Enlightenment4 Epigraphy4 Five Aggregates4 Historiography4 Māgadhī4 Meditation4 Metaphor4 paṭicca-samuppāda4 Prakrit4 Pratītyasamutpāda4 saṃsāra4 Suffering4 Translation4 apophatic3 Ariyapariyesanā-sutta3 ātman3 Buddhavacana3 Causality3 Chinese Āgamas3 Dharmakīrti3 doctrinal development3 Dutiyamārakathā3 Early Buddhist texts3 Epistemology3 Etymology3 Fire Metaphor3 Historical Buddha3 Historical Context3 Historical linguistics3 ineffability3 Intention3 Jainism3 Liberation3 Nerañjarā3 Nikāya3 Nikāyas3 No Self3 Noble Eightfold Path3 ontology3 Oskar von Hinüber3 Paṭiccasamuppāda3 Philosophy of mind3 Prajāpati3 reinterpretation3 Ṛgveda3 Saṃyukta-āgama3 Sangha3 Sanskrit3 Sanskritization3 Stream-entry3 Yogācāra3 Abhayagiri2 Absorption2 Agency2 Ajapāla2 Anātman2 Anattā (No-soul)2 Anattā (not-self)2 Aṅga2 Aṅgulimāla2 Asanga2 āsava2 Asceticism2 Aśoka2 Avidyā (ignorance)2 Bārāṇasī2 Brahmā2 Brahmā Sahampati2 Brahmajāla Sutta2 Brahmanism2 Brahminism2 Buddha's awakening2 Buddha's language2 Buddhist art2 Buddhist epistemology2 Buddhist Schools2 Canon formation2 cattaro mahārājāno2 Causation2 Cessation2 Chinese parallels2 Citta2 Cognition2 Cognitive science2 Commentaries2 Commentaries / Aṭṭhakathā2 Comparative analysis2 Concealment (saṃvṛti)2 Conceptual thought (vikalpa)2 Conditionality2 Consciousness (Viññāna)2 Conversion2 Dependent Origination (pratītyasamutpāda)2 devatā2 Dhammacakkappavattana-sutta2 Dhammapāla2 Dharma2 Diṭṭhi (views)2 Divine Eye2 Duhkha2 Ekottarika-āgama2 Epigraphic Prakrit2 Étienne Lamotte2 Flow2 Global availability2 Hermann Oldenberg2 Historical memory2 Historicity2 Iconography2 iddhi2 Impermanence2 Inclusivism2 Indian Buddhism2 Insight2 Isipatana2 Jāti (birth)2 Joanna Jurewicz2 Kamma2 khandha-s2 Koine2 Linguistic Analysis2 Linguistic diffusion2 Linguistic reconstruction2 Literalism2 Madhyama-āgama2 Mahānidāna Sutta2 Mahāparinibbānasuttanta2 Mahāvagga2 Mahāvihāra2 Mahāyāna2 Māra2 Middle Indo-Aryan2 Middle Path2 Middle Way2 Milindapañha2 Mind-reading2 Mindfulness2 Miracles2 Monasticism2 Morality2 nāga2 Nāmarūpa (name and form)2 Name-and-Form2 Nirodha2 pabbajjā2 Pāli Discourses2 Pāli language2 Pāli Nikāyas2 Pali texts2 papañca2 Personalistic false view (satkāyadrṣṭi)2 Phonology2 Polemic2 Pragmatism2 Prajñā2 Psychological time2 Psychology2 Rājagaha2 Realism2 Recollection of Past Lives2 Richard F. Gombrich2 Richard Gombrich2 Right View2 Sakka2 Śākya clan2 samādhi2 Sāmaññaphala Sutta2 Sandhi2 Saṅkhāra2 Sanskritisation2 Sāriputta2 Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa2 Self2 Self-consciousness2 Single Oral Transmission Theory (SOTT)2 Skandhas2 Skill in Means2 Specific Conditionality2 Standard language2 Subjectivity2 Suffering (duhkha)2 Sutta-piṭaka2 Syntax2 Three Turnings2 Tṛṣṇā (craving)2 Twin Miracle2 Two Extremes2 Two Truths2 Unanswered Questions2 Upaka2 Urbanization2 Vedic Texts2 Vedic Thought2 vijjā2 Vijñāna (consciousness)2 Visuddhimagga2 Wisdom2 √śram1 12 Links1 19th-century scholarship1 20th-century scholarship1 4th Century B.C.1 A Meditator's Life of the Buddha1 Abhidhamma-piṭaka1 Abhidharmakośa1 Abhidharmakośabhāṣya1 abhiññā1 Abhiññātānaṃpabbajjā1 Absolutive1 Absorption States1 Abstraction1 Academic Scepticism1 Access consciousness1 Ad populum argument1 Addiction1 adharma (demerit)1 Āditta-sutta1 Admission rules1 adṛṣṭa (the unseen)1 Adversaries1 Aetiology1 Āgama1 Aggañña Sutta1 Aggavaṃsa1 Agni1 Agnicayana1 Agnihotra1 Ahimsa1 Ahistoricity1 Aitareya Brāhmaṇa1 Ajapālakathā1 Ājīvaka1 Ājīvikism1 ākhyāta1 alapana1 Āḷāra Kālāma1 Ālaya1 Ālaya-vijñāna (Store-consciousness)1 Alexander Wynne1 Allegory1 Altered states of consciousness1 Ambaṭṭha Sutta1 Anagārika Dharmapāla1 Anālayo1 Anātmavāda1 Anatta (No-Self)1 Anattalakkhaṇa1 André Bareau1 anicca1 Aniconic art1 Anitya1 Annihilationism1 Anotattadaha1 Antarābhava (Intermediate existence)1 Anti-realism1 Anuvyākhyāna1 Āpastamba Dharma Sūtra1 Apatitthita-viññāna1 Apoha1 Apophatic Theology1 apūrva1 Archaeological evidence1 ariya-saccaṃ1 Ariyaka1 ariyasaccāni1 Artha Śāstra1 Arvind Sharma1 Āryāvarta1 Āsava (Influxes)1 āsavakkhaya-ñāna1 āsavakkhayañāna1 Ascetic Practices1 Asita Devala1 asmī ti1 asmimāna1 Aśoka Missions1 Aśokan edicts1 Assaji1 Assalāyana Sutta1 Assimilation1 Aṣṭādhyāyī1 Āsuri1 Aśvaghoṣa1 Atharvaveda1 Ātman (Soul)1 atomism1 attā1 Attachment (sneha)1 Atthakavagga1 Authenticity of Early Buddhist Texts1 Authorial intent1 Autochthonous culture1 Āyurveda1 Being1 bhaddante1 Bhaddavaggiya1 Bhagavadgītā1 Bhallika1 Bhāṇaka1 Bhānakas (reciters)1 bhante1 bhava (becoming)1 Bhava (existence)1 Bhayabherava-sutta1 bhikkhave1 bhikkhavo1 Bhikkhu Bodhi1 Bhikkhunī1 Bhikkhunī Dhammanandā1 Bimbisārasamāgamakathā1 Biography of the Buddha1 Black and Red Ware1 Bodhikathā1 Bodhisattva1 Body, speech, and mind1 Brahma-vihāras1 brahmacariya1 brāhmaṇa1 Brāhmaṇas1 Brahmanical motifs1 Brahmanical philosophy1 Brahmanization1 Brahmayācanakathā1 Brāhmī script1 branched version1 branching structure1 Breath Control1 Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad1 Bṛhaspati1 Brian Houghton Hodgson1 British colonial rule1 Bryan Levman1 Buddha Biography1 Buddha-carita1 Buddha's descent1 Buddha's mother1 Buddha's teachings1 Buddhahood1 Buddhicization1 Buddhism in the West1 Buddhist Canon1 Buddhist canons1 Buddhist Commentaries1 Buddhist Councils (sangīti)1 Buddhist doctrine1 Buddhist historiography1 Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit1 Buddhist Literature1 Buddhist Logic1 Buddhist narrative1 Buddhist path1 Buddhist psychology1 budh1 Canon / Canonicity1 Canonical authentication1 Cārvākas1 Caste system1 Catuṣpariṣat-sūtra1 Causal efficiency (vastubalapravrtta)1 Celestial acclamations1 Central Ganges Valley1 cetopariyañāna1 Ceylon Buddhism1 Chāndogya Upaniṣad1 Change of heart1 Christian missionaries1 Christopher Beckwith1 Chronicles (vaṃsa)1 chronological analysis1 Chronology1 Citta (mind)1 Civil war1 Classical Indian Culture1 classical Indian philosophy1 Clitic1 codanā (Vedic injunctions)1 cognitive conditioning1 Cognitive processes1 cognitive state1 Coherence of teachings1 Commentary1 Communal harmony1 Community of Noble Disciples1 Comparative linguistics1 comparative philosophy1 Comparative religion1 Comparative Textual Study1 Compassion1 Compassionate Teaching1 Compositional Forms1 Concentration1 Concentration (Jhāna)1 conceptuality1 Conditioned Arising1 Confidence1 Conflation1 Conjecture and Refutation1 Conscious Experience1 Conservatism1 Constructed self1 Contemplation of the Buddha1 Conversionism1 Core biography1 Council of Rājagṛha1 Council of Vaiśālī1 Craving1 Craving (tṛṣṇā)1 Creation myth1 Criterion of embarrassment1 Critical history1 Cross-cultural study1 Cultural diffusion1 Cultural Features1 Cycle of Dependent Origination1 Cyclic Time1 D.T. Suzuki1 Daily Conduct1 Dāsas1 Dating texts1 De re / de dicto1 Decline of Buddhism1 defilements1 Defilements (kleśa)1 Desire1 Destruction of Influxes1 Determinate cognition (niścaya)1 Determination1 Devadatta Legend1 Development model1 Devendrabuddhi1 Dhammacakka-ppavattana-sutta1 Dhammapada1 Dhammasamothan1 Dharma Sūtra1 Dharma Teaching1 Dharmacakra1 Dharmaguptaka1 Dharmaguptaka Vinaya1 Dharmakāya1 dharmanairātmya1 dharmas (constituents of existence)1 Dharmaskandha1 dhyāna1 Diachronic change1 dialect levelling1 Dialectal mixture1 Dialectic of silence1 Dialects / Māgadhisms1 dibbacakkhu1 dibbasotadhātu1 Dignāga1 Dīpavaṃsa1 Direct knowledge1 Directional symbolism1 Directionality1 Discworld1 divine ear1 Doctrinal Debates1 Dravidian1 Dukkha (suffering)1 Dvāravatī1 Dwelling in Emptiness1 Early Buddhist Teachings1 Early India1 early Language of Buddhism1 Ego1 Eight-Fold Path1 Eightfold Path1 Embodiment1 Emotional memory1 Emperor Asoka1 Emphatic forms1 Emptiness1 Epigraphic Pali1 epistemological conditioning1 Equanimity1 Erroneous cognition (mithyopalabdhi)1 Error (bhrānti)1 Eschatology1 Eternalism1 Ethicisation1 Ethicization1 Eugène Burnouf1 European Enlightenment1 Exclusion (vyavaccheda, apoha)1 Existentialism1 Explorations of the Mind1 Extrinsic motivation1 Fallacious arguments1 False self1 Fasting1 Female ordination1 Filial piety1 Final Meditation1 Finding the Path1 Fire element (tejodhātu)1 Fire meditation1 Fire miracles1 Fire ritual1 Fire Sermon1 First Buddhist Council1 First millennium CE1 First Noble Truth1 First Sermon1 Five Aggregates of Clinging1 Fixed transmission1 Fortition1 Funeral rites1 Funerary Practices1 Gāndhārī1 Gautama1 Gayākassapo1 Gayāsīsa1 Gender1 Gender equality1 Generosity1 Geshe Lhundub Sopa1 Globalization1 Golden plow1 Gotama1 Gradual elaboration1 Grammar1 Great Man theory1 Greater Magadha1 Greed, hatred, delusion1 Greeks1 Hagiography1 Handbook of Oriental Studies1 Heaven of the Thirty-three1 Hermeneutics1 higher knowledges1 Higher ordination1 Hīnayāna1 Hinduism1 Hinduizing trends1 Historical corroboration1 Historical evidence1 Historical interpretation1 Historical method1 Historicity of the Buddha1 Historicization1 Honouring the Dharma1 Horace Hayman Wilson1 Huayan Philosophy1 Huili1 Humanness of the Buddha1 Hypercorrection1 hyperforms1 Idappaccayatā1 Identity1 Idiosyncratic personality1 Ignorance (avidyā / ajñāna)1 Ignorance (avidyā)1 Immaterial Attainments1 Improper reflection (ayoniśomanaskāra)1 Inconsistencies1 Indigenous culture1 Indigenous peoples1 Individual Responsibility1 Indo-Aryan1 Indo-Aryan languages1 Indo-European languages1 Indo-Iranian syntax1 Inference (anumāna)1 Inner realization1 Inner speech1 Inscriptions1 Insight (Paññā)1 Interconnectedness1 Interconnectedness Scale1 Interdependence1 Interiorization1 Interpolation1 Interpretation1 Introspection1 Introversionism1 Intuition1 Iranian origins1 Irony1 Ismael Quiles1 Jaimini1 Jaiminīya Brāhmaṇa1 Jambu tree meditation1 Jarāmaraṇa1 Jarāmaraṇa (ageing and death)1 jarāmaraṇa (aging and death)1 Jātaka1 Jātaka Tales1 jaṭilā1 Jiva1 Johannes Bronkhorst1 K.R. Norman1 Kālī1 Kalpa1 Kāma Sūtra1 Kamalaśīla1 Kambojas1 Kamma (Karma)1 Kammanta1 Kapila1 Karl Popper1 Karma theory1 karmadhāraya1 Karmic Retribution1 Kasina1 Kaśmir1 Kāśyapa brothers1 Kātyāyana1 Kauṇḍinya1 Kauṣītaki Āraṇyaka1 Kāvya1 Kevaṭṭa-sutta1 khandha1 Khandha similes1 Khandhas (aggregates)1 Khandhas (the five aggregates)1 Khuddakanikāya1 kibbidhāna1 Kleśa (afflictions)1 Knowledge (vidyā)1 Knowledge of the Self1 Koṇḍañña1 Kumārila1 Kunstsprache1 Lack of evidence1 Laity1 Language1 Language (Buddha's View)1 language contact1 Language of the Buddha1 Late addition theory1 Late-Vedic Literature1 Latent tendency (vāsanā)1 Later addition1 Later textual developments1 Lay activism1 Lay religiosity1 Lay support1 Legitimation1 Lenition1 liberation (mokṣa)1 light imagery1 linearization1 liṅga1 lingua franca1 Linguistic Considerations1 Literal interpretation1 Literary Styles1 Local development1 Lokāyatas1 looped version1 Lost context1 Madhyamaka1 Maechi1 Magadha1 Magadha Civilization1 Māgadhabhāsā1 Māgadhism1 Magic1 Magical Thought1 Maha Bodhi Society1 Mahābhārata1 Mahācattārīsaka-sutta1 Mahāparinibbānasutta1 Mahāpuruṣa1 Mahāsāṃghika1 Mahāvaṃsa1 Mahāvastu1 Mahayana Buddhism1 Mahīśāsaka1 Mahīśāsaka Vinaya1 Maitreyī1 Manuscript evidence1 Manuscript studies1 Mārakathā1 Mārga1 Mark Solms1 Masculinity1 Mathurā1 Mauryan dynasty1 Mauryan Empire1 Means of valid cognition (pramāna)1 Medical Analogy1 Medical diagnosis analogy1 Medicine1 Meditation (Samādhi)1 Meditation Practice1 Meditation stages1 Meditative Exercises1 meditative state1 Meditative States1 Megasthenes1 Memorization1 Memory of past lives1 Memory reconsolidation1 Mental absorption1 merit1 Merit Transfer1 Metaphysical experience1 Metaphysical reticence1 Metaphysics1 Michael Witzel1 Middle Indo-Aryan / Prakrit1 migadāya1 Migration1 Mīmāṃsā1 mind-and-body1 Mnemonic techniques1 Moggallāna1 Mokṣa1 momentariness1 Mon1 Monastic rivalry1 Monastic Rules1 Moral Conduct1 Motivation to Go Forth1 Mucalinda1 Mucalindakathā1 Mūlasarvāstivāda1 Mūlasarvāstivādin1 Multiple Oral Transmission Theory (MOTT)1 Munda1 Mysticism1 Myth vs. history1 Mythical founders1 Mythologization1 Mythology1 Nadīkassapo1 Nairātmya (no-self)1 nāmā1 nāma-rūpa1 Nāmarūpa1 Narrative self1 Neuropsychology1 Neuroscience1 nidāna1 nipāta1 Nirukta1 Nirvana (Nibbāna)1 Non-Aryan loanwords1 Non-conceptual experience1 Non-conceptual knowledge1 Non-Essentialism1 Northern Black Polished Ware1 Northern Buddhism1 Not-Self1 Not-self (anattā)1 Nuns' order1 Nyāya1 Obstacles to Concentration1 Old Age, Disease, and Death1 Opposites1 Orthography1 Pabbajjākathā1 Pabbajjūpasampadākathā1 Painted Grey Ware1 Pāli Buddhism1 Pāli Canon (Tipiṭaka)1 Pāli inscriptions1 Pāli literature1 Pāli School1 Pāli Tipitaka1 pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū1 Pañcavaggiyakathā1 Pāṇini1 paññā1 parinibbāna1 Parinirvāṇa1 pasāda1 Pātaliputta1 Patañjali1 paṭiccasamuppādaṃ1 Pātika-sutta1 Pātimokkha1 Patisandhi viññāna (Rebirth-linking consciousness)1 Patriarchs1 Patrick Olivelle1 Patronage1 Perception (pratyakṣa)1 Pericopes1 Persecution1 personal identity1 Personality1 Phassa (contact)1 phenomenal consciousness1 Phenomenal representation1 Philosophy1 Philosophy of history1 Phra Payutto1 Physician Simile1 pi (particle)1 Pilgrimage1 Pindola Bhāradvāja1 Piprahwa reliquary1 Place names1 Post-mortem rituals1 Post-mortem state1 Postmodernism1 Prabhākara1 Practical Guidebook1 Pragmatism (Buddha's)1 Prahlāda1 Praśastapāda1 prātihārya1 Prātimokṣa1 Pre-imperial India1 Previous Buddhas1 Primary sources1 Process1 Process Philosophy1 Prosody1 Protestant Buddhism1 Pseudo-perception (pratyakṣābhāsa)1 Psychedelics1 Psychological interpretation1 Psychological ritual1 Pubbante ñāṇa (knowledge of the past)1 pubbenivāsānussatiñāna1 Public policy1 Pudgala (Person)1 Pudgalavāda1 Puggala (person)1 Purity1 Purohita1 Puruṣa-sūkta1 Pūrva-Mīmāṃsā1 Pyu kingdom1 quality (guṇa)1 Radiant mind (prabhāsvara citta)1 rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro1 Rājadharmaparvan1 Rājāyatana1 Rājāyatanakathā1 Rāmānuja1 Rāmāyaṇa1 ṛddhi1 Realization1 rebirth consciousness1 Reciprocal Conditioning1 Recitation1 Reciters1 reductionistic realism1 Refuge1 Refutation1 Reification1 Release (Vimutti)1 Relic worship1 Relics1 Religious Debate1 Religious experience1 Religious individualism1 Religious self-scrutiny1 Renouncers1 Repetition1 reverse recitation1 Revolution of the basis (āśrayaparivrtti)1 Rg Veda1 Ṛgveda Prātiśākhya1 Right insight1 Roderick S. Bucknell1 Rote Learning1 Roundworld1 Royal patronage1 Royal Society of Arts (RSA)1 Rune E. A. Johansson1 Śabara1 Śābarabhāṣya1 sabbanāma1 ṣaḍāyatana (sense bases)1 Ṣaḍāyatana (six sense organs)1 sādhana1 Saka1 Śākalya1 sakāya niruttiyā1 Sakkapañha-sutta1 Sakkāya (personal identity)1 Śakra1 Śākya1 Śākyabuddhi1 Śākyamuni1 saḷāyatana1 salāyatana-s1 samāsa1 samatha1 Saṃgha1 Saṃhitās1 Saṃkhārā1 Sāṃkhya1 sammā-diṭṭhi1 sammā-ñāṇa1 sammā-vimutti1 Sammāditthi-sutta1 Sammitīya1 Samnyāsins1 Saṃskāra (formatives)1 saṃskāra (volition)1 samvega1 Sañcaya1 Sanchi relics1 Śāṇḍilya1 Sangha as landlords1 Sangha discipline1 Sañghabhedavastu1 sangīti1 Śaṅkara1 sankhittena1 saññā1 Saññā (perception)1 Saññāvedayitanirodha (cessation of experience)1 Sanskrit Grammarians1 Sanskrit manuscripts1 śaraṇa1 saraṇattaya1 Sāriputtamoggallānapabbajjākathā1 Sarvāstivādin1 Satire1 Satori1 Satyasiddhiśāstra1 Sāvitrī1 Scholarly Portrait1 Scholastic Literalism1 Scriptural interpretation1 Scriptural stratification1 Scripturalism1 Scythian1 Self (ātman)1 Self-identification1 Self-reliance1 Selflessness (nairātmya)1 Selflessness (nairātmyadṛṣṭi)1 Semantic Realism1 Senānigama1 sense consciousness1 sense objects1 Sequential path1 Serpent worship1 Sibling marriage1 Siddhārtha1 sīla1 Śīlānka1 Simile of the extinguished flame1 Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism1 Sinhalese national identity1 Sītā myth1 Śiva1 Sixteen Aspects1 Skandhaka1 Skandhas (Aggregates)1 Skepticism1 Social conditions1 Social history1 Social Metaphors1 Sociolect1 Sociology of religion1 soul (ātman)1 Sound change1 South Asian Linguistic Area1 Southeast Asia1 Southern Buddhism1 Sparśa (contact)1 Speculative history1 Spiritual equality1 Spiritual Ideology1 Spiritual Journey1 Spirituality1 Sprachbund1 śramaṇa1 śrāmanaka1 Śramanas1 Śrauta Sūtras1 Śrāvakabhūmi1 Śrāvastī1 Sri Lanka1 Śrikṣetra1 standard version1 Standardization1 Stefan Karpik1 Stephen Batchelor1 Strabo1 Stūpa1 Stūpas1 Sub-commentaries (ṭīkā)1 Subjective experience1 Śuddhodana1 Sue Hamilton1 sūkaramaddava1 Sukha (pleasure)1 Śuṅgas1 Śūnya1 Superhuman powers1 Superimposition (samāropa)1 Supernaturalism1 supernormal powers1 Supernormal powers (iddhi)1 Sureśvara1 Sūtrapiṭaka1 Sutta formulas1 Sutta-nipāta version1 Suttanipāta1 Symbolism1 Syncretism1 Syntactical compounds1 T.W. Rhys Davids1 taddhita1 Taṇhā1 Tantra1 Tantrism1 Tapussa1 Tathāgata1 tatpurusa1 Teaching Methods1 Teaching the Dharma1 Telepathy1 Tenfold path1 Tension1 Textual analysis1 Textual Classification1 Textual corruption1 Textual extracts1 Textual transmission1 textual variation1 Thai Buddhism1 Ṭhāna1 Thaumaturgical impasse1 The Fire Sermon1 The Four Realisations1 Theosophy1 Theravāda canon1 Therīgāthā1 Thirst1 Three Hallmarks of Existence1 Three Jewels1 Three knowledges1 Three Refuges1 Three stairs1 Three turnings and twelve modes1 Threefold typology of miracles1 Tilmann Vetter1 Tipiṭaka1 Trade1 Transfer of merit1 Transmigration1 Transmigration (samsāra)1 Tree worship1 tridhātu śaraṇaṃ1 Tridoṣa1 Tripitaka1 Triple Refuge1 Trivarga1 Tṛṣṇā (desire)1 Tsong-kha-pa1 Twelve Links1 Twelve Nidānas1 Two Bundles of Reeds1 two causal sources of consciousness1 Udaka Rāmaputta1 Uddālaka1 Ultimate Reality1 uṇādi1 unconscious cognition1 Unestablished Consciousness1 Upādāna1 Upādāna (appropriation)1 upādāna (clinging/fuel)1 Upādānakkhandhā1 Upaka episode1 Upaniṣadic context1 upasagga1 upasampadā1 Upavarṣa1 Urban Brahmins1 Uruvelakassapa1 Uruvelakassapo1 Uttara-Mīmāṃsā1 Uttarakuru1 Vādhūla Śrauta Sūtra1 vado vedeyyo1 Vaiśeṣika1 Vaiśeṣika Sūtra1 Vajirā Sutta1 Vakkali1 vamsa1 Vānaprastha1 Vaṭṭagāmani1 Vedanā1 Vedanā (feeling)1 Vedānta Philosophy1 Vedayita (experience)1 Vedic Asceticism1 Vedic civilization1 Vedic cosmogony1 Vedic Creation Myth1 Vedic Index of Names and Subjects1 Vedic Influence1 Vedic religion1 Vedic ritual1 Vedic rituals1 Vedic tradition1 Verbatim transmission1 Vibhanga1 vibhatti1 Vidiśā1 Views and Opinions1 vimutti1 Vinaya-piṭaka1 Vinayapitaka1 Viññāṇa (consciousness)1 vipassanā1 Vocative1 Vyākhyāna1 Walpola Rahula1 Wanting1 Waxing syllables1 Western philosophy1 Wheel of Dharma1 Wittgenstein1 Women1 Written Tradition1 Wrong notions (viparyāsa)1 Xuanzang1 Yājñavalkya-Kāṇḍa1 Yajurveda1 Yāmuna1 Yaso1 Yathābhūtañāṇa1 Yoga Sūtra1 Yuga1 Zoroastrianism1

Alphabetical Index

12

19th-century scholarship1

21

20th-century scholarship1

41

4th Century B.C.1

A95

Aśokan inscriptions4

Ariyapariyesanā-sutta3

Anattā (No-soul)2

Anattā (not-self)2

Avidyā (ignorance)2

A Meditator's Life of the Buddha1

Abhidhamma-piṭaka1

Abhidharmakośa1

Abhidharmakośabhāṣya1

Abhiññātānaṃpabbajjā1

Absorption States1

Academic Scepticism1

Access consciousness1

Ad populum argument1

adharma (demerit)1

Admission rules1

adṛṣṭa (the unseen)1

Aggañña Sutta1

Aitareya Brāhmaṇa1

Ajapālakathā1

Alexander Wynne1

Altered states of consciousness1

Ambaṭṭha Sutta1

Anagārika Dharmapāla1

Anatta (No-Self)1

Anattalakkhaṇa1

Annihilationism1

Antarābhava (Intermediate existence)1

Anuvyākhyāna1

Apatitthita-viññāna1

Apophatic Theology1

Archaeological evidence1

ariya-saccaṃ1

Artha Śāstra1

Ascetic Practices1

Aśoka Missions1

Aśokan edicts1

Assalāyana Sutta1

Aṣṭādhyāyī1

Attachment (sneha)1

Authenticity of Early Buddhist Texts1

Authorial intent1

Autochthonous culture1

B81

Buddhist Studies5

Bhikkhu Anālayo4

Buddha's historicity4

Buddhist philosophy4

Brahmā Sahampati2

Brahmajāla Sutta2

Buddha's awakening2

Buddha's language2

Buddhist epistemology2

Buddhist Schools2

Bhagavadgītā1

Bhānakas (reciters)1

bhava (becoming)1

Bhava (existence)1

Bhayabherava-sutta1

Bhikkhunī Dhammanandā1

Bimbisārasamāgamakathā1

Biography of the Buddha1

Black and Red Ware1

Body, speech, and mind1

Brahma-vihāras1

Brahmanical motifs1

Brahmanical philosophy1

Brahmanization1

Brahmayācanakathā1

Brāhmī script1

branched version1

branching structure1

Breath Control1

Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad1

Brian Houghton Hodgson1

British colonial rule1

Buddha Biography1

Buddha's descent1

Buddha's mother1

Buddha's teachings1

Buddhicization1

Buddhism in the West1

Buddhist Canon1

Buddhist canons1

Buddhist Commentaries1

Buddhist Councils (sangīti)1

Buddhist doctrine1

Buddhist historiography1

Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit1

Buddhist Literature1

Buddhist Logic1

Buddhist narrative1

Buddhist psychology1

C82

Comparative study6

Chinese Āgamas3

Canon formation2

cattaro mahārājāno2

Chinese parallels2

Cognitive science2

Commentaries / Aṭṭhakathā2

Comparative analysis2

Concealment (saṃvṛti)2

Conceptual thought (vikalpa)2

Conditionality2

Consciousness (Viññāna)2

Canon / Canonicity1

Canonical authentication1

Catuṣpariṣat-sūtra1

Causal efficiency (vastubalapravrtta)1

Celestial acclamations1

Central Ganges Valley1

cetopariyañāna1

Ceylon Buddhism1

Chāndogya Upaniṣad1

Change of heart1

Christian missionaries1

Christopher Beckwith1

Chronicles (vaṃsa)1

chronological analysis1

Classical Indian Culture1

classical Indian philosophy1

codanā (Vedic injunctions)1

cognitive conditioning1

Cognitive processes1

cognitive state1

Coherence of teachings1

Communal harmony1

Community of Noble Disciples1

Comparative linguistics1

comparative philosophy1

Comparative religion1

Comparative Textual Study1

Compassionate Teaching1

Compositional Forms1

Concentration (Jhāna)1

Conditioned Arising1

Conjecture and Refutation1

Conscious Experience1

Constructed self1

Contemplation of the Buddha1

Core biography1

Council of Rājagṛha1

Council of Vaiśālī1

Craving (tṛṣṇā)1

Criterion of embarrassment1

Critical history1

Cross-cultural study1

Cultural diffusion1

Cultural Features1

Cycle of Dependent Origination1

D62

Dependent Origination9

Dependent Arising6

doctrinal development3

Dutiyamārakathā3

Dependent Origination (pratītyasamutpāda)2

Dhammacakkappavattana-sutta2

Diṭṭhi (views)2

De re / de dicto1

Decline of Buddhism1

Defilements (kleśa)1

Destruction of Influxes1

Determinate cognition (niścaya)1

Devadatta Legend1

Development model1

Devendrabuddhi1

Dhammacakka-ppavattana-sutta1

Dhammasamothan1

Dharma Teaching1

Dharmaguptaka Vinaya1

dharmanairātmya1

dharmas (constituents of existence)1

Diachronic change1

dialect levelling1

Dialectal mixture1

Dialectic of silence1

Dialects / Māgadhisms1

dibbasotadhātu1

Direct knowledge1

Directional symbolism1

Directionality1

Doctrinal Debates1

Dukkha (suffering)1

Dwelling in Emptiness1

G19

Global availability2

Gender equality1

Geshe Lhundub Sopa1

Gradual elaboration1

Great Man theory1

Greater Magadha1

Greed, hatred, delusion1

J15

Joanna Jurewicz2

Jaiminīya Brāhmaṇa1

Jambu tree meditation1

Jarāmaraṇa (ageing and death)1

jarāmaraṇa (aging and death)1

Johannes Bronkhorst1

M95

Mahākhandhaka15

Madhyama-āgama2

Mahānidāna Sutta2

Mahāparinibbānasuttanta2

Middle Indo-Aryan2

Magadha Civilization1

Māgadhabhāsā1

Magical Thought1

Maha Bodhi Society1

Mahācattārīsaka-sutta1

Mahāparinibbānasutta1

Mahāsāṃghika1

Mahayana Buddhism1

Mahīśāsaka Vinaya1

Manuscript evidence1

Manuscript studies1

Mauryan dynasty1

Mauryan Empire1

Means of valid cognition (pramāna)1

Medical Analogy1

Medical diagnosis analogy1

Meditation (Samādhi)1

Meditation Practice1

Meditation stages1

Meditative Exercises1

meditative state1

Meditative States1

Memory of past lives1

Memory reconsolidation1

Mental absorption1

Merit Transfer1

Metaphysical experience1

Metaphysical reticence1

Michael Witzel1

Middle Indo-Aryan / Prakrit1

Mnemonic techniques1

Monastic rivalry1

Monastic Rules1

Motivation to Go Forth1

Mucalindakathā1

Mūlasarvāstivāda1

Mūlasarvāstivādin1

Multiple Oral Transmission Theory (MOTT)1

Myth vs. history1

Mythical founders1

Mythologization1

O8

Oral Tradition8

Oral transmission8

Oskar von Hinüber3

Obstacles to Concentration1

Old Age, Disease, and Death1

P96

paṭicca-samuppāda4

Pratītyasamutpāda4

Paṭiccasamuppāda3

Philosophy of mind3

Pāli Discourses2

Pāli language2

Pāli Nikāyas2

Personalistic false view (satkāyadrṣṭi)2

Psychological time2

Pabbajjākathā1

Pabbajjūpasampadākathā1

Painted Grey Ware1

Pāli Buddhism1

Pāli Canon (Tipiṭaka)1

Pāli inscriptions1

Pāli literature1

Pāli Tipitaka1

pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū1

Pañcavaggiyakathā1

Parinirvāṇa1

paṭiccasamuppādaṃ1

Patisandhi viññāna (Rebirth-linking consciousness)1

Patrick Olivelle1

Perception (pratyakṣa)1

personal identity1

Phassa (contact)1

phenomenal consciousness1

Phenomenal representation1

Philosophy of history1

Physician Simile1

Pindola Bhāradvāja1

Piprahwa reliquary1

Post-mortem rituals1

Post-mortem state1

Practical Guidebook1

Pragmatism (Buddha's)1

Praśastapāda1

Pre-imperial India1

Previous Buddhas1

Primary sources1

Process Philosophy1

Protestant Buddhism1

Pseudo-perception (pratyakṣābhāsa)1

Psychological interpretation1

Psychological ritual1

Pubbante ñāṇa (knowledge of the past)1

pubbenivāsānussatiñāna1

Pudgala (Person)1

Puggala (person)1

Puruṣa-sūkta1

Pūrva-Mīmāṃsā1

Q1

quality (guṇa)1

S140

Sarvāstivāda5

Saṃyukta-āgama3

Sanskritization3

Sāmaññaphala Sutta2

Sanskritisation2

Self-consciousness2

Single Oral Transmission Theory (SOTT)2

Skill in Means2

Specific Conditionality2

Standard language2

Suffering (duhkha)2

Sutta-piṭaka2

sakāya niruttiyā1

Sakkapañha-sutta1

Sakkāya (personal identity)1

sammā-diṭṭhi1

sammā-ñāṇa1

sammā-vimutti1

Sammāditthi-sutta1

Saṃskāra (formatives)1

saṃskāra (volition)1

Sangha as landlords1

Sangha discipline1

Sañghabhedavastu1

Saññā (perception)1

Saññāvedayitanirodha (cessation of experience)1

Sanskrit Grammarians1

Sanskrit manuscripts1

Sāriputtamoggallānapabbajjākathā1

Sarvāstivādin1

Satyasiddhiśāstra1

Scholarly Portrait1

Scholastic Literalism1

Scriptural interpretation1

Scriptural stratification1

Self-identification1

Selflessness (nairātmya)1

Selflessness (nairātmyadṛṣṭi)1

Semantic Realism1

sense consciousness1

Sequential path1

Serpent worship1

Sibling marriage1

Simile of the extinguished flame1

Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism1

Sinhalese national identity1

Sixteen Aspects1

Skandhas (Aggregates)1

Social conditions1

Social history1

Social Metaphors1

Sociology of religion1

South Asian Linguistic Area1

Southeast Asia1

Southern Buddhism1

Sparśa (contact)1

Speculative history1

Spiritual equality1

Spiritual Ideology1

Spiritual Journey1

standard version1

Standardization1

Stephen Batchelor1

Sub-commentaries (ṭīkā)1

Subjective experience1

sūkaramaddava1

Sukha (pleasure)1

Superhuman powers1

Superimposition (samāropa)1

Supernaturalism1

supernormal powers1

Supernormal powers (iddhi)1

Sūtrapiṭaka1

Sutta formulas1

Sutta-nipāta version1

Syntactical compounds1

T61

Textual criticism17

Theravāda Buddhism8

Three Turnings2

Tṛṣṇā (craving)2

T.W. Rhys Davids1

Teaching Methods1

Teaching the Dharma1

Textual analysis1

Textual Classification1

Textual corruption1

Textual extracts1

Textual transmission1

textual variation1

Thaumaturgical impasse1

The Fire Sermon1

The Four Realisations1

Theravāda canon1

Three Hallmarks of Existence1

Three knowledges1

Three turnings and twelve modes1

Threefold typology of miracles1

Tilmann Vetter1

Transfer of merit1

Transmigration1

Transmigration (samsāra)1

tridhātu śaraṇaṃ1

Tṛṣṇā (desire)1

Twelve Nidānas1

Two Bundles of Reeds1

two causal sources of consciousness1

W10

Walpola Rahula1

Waxing syllables1

Western philosophy1

Wheel of Dharma1

Written Tradition1

Wrong notions (viparyāsa)1

X1

Y8

Yājñavalkya-Kāṇḍa1

Yathābhūtañāṇa1

Z1

Zoroastrianism1

É1

Étienne Lamotte2

Ā18

Āḷāra Kālāma1

Ālaya-vijñāna (Store-consciousness)1

Āpastamba Dharma Sūtra1

Āsava (Influxes)1

āsavakkhaya-ñāna1

āsavakkhayañāna1

Ṛ3

Ṛgveda Prātiśākhya1

Ṣ2

ṣaḍāyatana (sense bases)1

Ṣaḍāyatana (six sense organs)1

Ṭ1

√1